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It looks like the environment variables you're expecting to see are set up in .bashrc. Non-interactive bash shells don't run .bashrc.  Plus, you don't seem to be running bash (though you might be, I can't see the shebang in mysql-setup.sh).
You can familiarize yourself with how remote execs and non-interactive shells work by reading `man bash`; the section titled "Invocation" has all the details.

There are many places to read up on how shebangs work and how to use them effectively over ssh. This page looks like a good place to start: <https://linuxhandbook.com/shebang/|https://linuxhandbook.com/shebang/>