Are these files put in a different (output) directory than your normal .ts files? Or are they in the same directory?
Pulumi uses ts-node by default, and reads files from the source directory, not the outDir configured in tsconfig.json. If you're putting your .d.ts files in the outDir, alongside .js and .d.ts files transpiled by tsc, then Pulumi won't see them.
If this is the case, you can either put your .d.ts files in the source directory, or configure Pulumi not to use ts-node.
https://www.pulumi.com/docs/intro/languages/javascript/#disabling-built-in-typescript-support