Hi, I have the following code: user_data = """ #!/bin/bash whoami >> /script_output apt-get update -y >> script_output apt-get install awscli -y >> script_output apt-get install nginx -y >> script_output mkdir -p /var/lib/cloud/scripts/per-boot/ """ ec2_instance = aws.ec2.Instance("ec2_instance", ami=ubuntu.id, instance_type = "t3.medium", subnet_id = vpc.public_subnet_ids[0], key_name = "my-kp", vpc_security_group_ids = [my_sec_group.id], user_data=user_data, user_data_replace_on_change=True, tags={ "Name": "ec2_instance", }) pulumi creates the instance as defined but does not run the user_data for some reason. why would this be?

base64 encode it first, it’s usually an error with whitespace

just tried that... no change...

what are the cloud-init logs telling you?

2022-09-29 20:11:46,180 - subp.py[DEBUG]: Exec format error. Missing #! in script?

I think it’s this line

whoami >> /script_output

this script works when passed as user_data to terraform... I'll try creating a text file before that line to check...

are you using python? or ts?

python

out of curiosity why are you writing the stdout to script_output? user_data redirects all output to /var/log/user-data.log by default

I don't see a file by that name in that path...

what about /var/log/cloud-init-output.log ? https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/user-data.html#user-data-shell-scripts

doesn't show the same level of info as I'm writing to a separate log and I also add additional comments in the log to help follow the flow

I encountered this as well, but only when using Ubuntu AMI, it works OK with Amazon Linux. I had to use

user_data = """\
#!/bin/bash
...