First, regarding the state/pending operations issue, I'm going to leave this note here in case you might like to vote or comment on the issue in it:
https://pulumi-community.slack.com/archives/C019YSXN04B/p1646238520774459?thread_ts=1646144559.200289&cid=C019YSXN04B
Regarding the version error, are you running this all on the same machine? Generally I'll find that when the up was run on a machine that was using older versions of either the CLI or the providers that it's calling originally, and then there's a mismatch of versions when it's attempting to run as the versions used are also stored in the state file.
Overall, to get more debugging info, the exact flags that you want depends on whether any providers you're using are using the Terraform bridge. But here's a short snippet that should get you all of the diagnostic data that's possible if you can run it locally:
TF_LOG=TRACE pulumi up -v=11 --logflow --logtostderr 2>&1 | tee -a pulumi_log.txt